Questions:

1. Define the first and last sounds of Korotkoff. Which sound is used to approximate systolic pressure and which sound is used to approximate diastolic pressure?

2. What are systole and diastole, relative to the contraction and relaxation of heart chambers?

3. What events cause the “lubb-dupp” heart sounds as heard with a stethoscope?

4. At the beginning of ventricular systole, the pressure in the ventricles rises until they are able to eject blood. What event must occur for ventricular ejection to proceed?

5. What has to happen to the pressure of the ventricles after ejection is complete before they can refill? What event must happen for the ventricles to refill?

6. Define pulse pressure. Explain how a low (<40mmHg) or high pulse pressure (>60mmHg) might indicate cardiovascular disease. HINT: Consider what changes in the systolic pressure would mean.

7. Define Cardiac Cycle.

8. Characterize the relatio