1. In regard to historiography, he was not a father. (A) Socrates (B) Sima Qian (C) Herodotus (D) Julius Caesar 2. Treatises on natural phenomena are credited to this thinker. (A) Aristotle (B) Pythagoras (C) Socrates (D) Hesiod 3. Which Persian king conquered Egypt? (A) Cambyses II (B) Darius (C) Sargon (D) Archimedes 4. Who was Caesar’s great rival for supremacy in Rome? (A) Pompey (B) Martial (C)s Hadrian (D) Collatinus 5. They were the aristocrats who controlled Rome in the days of the Republic. (A) patricians (B) priests (C) Caesars (D) plebeians 6. Rome is situated on this body of water. (A) Po River (B) Tiber River (C) Mediterranean Sea (D) Atlantic Ocean 7. Who urged an intellectual aristocracy in The Republic? (A) Aristotle (B) Plato (C) Zeno (D) Herodotus 8. It is believed that they spread alphabetic writing to the East. (A) Babylonians (B) Aramaeans (C) Chaldaeans (D) Sumerians 9. Which city-state exemplified autocracy and totalitarianism? (A) Athens (B) Sparta (C) Alexandria (D) Persia 10. The Parthenon was this. (A) the city hall of Athens (B ) a temple to Athena (C) a theater (D) the residence of Alexander the Great 11. Although he was no Leonardo, this author drew a picture of things geometric. (A) Euripides (B) Euclid (C) Quintus Horatius Flaccus (D) Ovid 12. While the others listed are traditionally associated with the care and concern of the living, this genius has been associated with nothing. (A) Imhotep (B) Hippocrates (C) Theophrastus (D) Brahmagupta 13. Although his magnum opus was just as great as anything produced by the others, he labored in a completely different genre. (A) Homer (B) Sima Guang (C) Li Po (D) Hesiod 14. The ancients regularly associated this people with the practice of astrology. (A) Phoenicians (B) Aramaeans (C) Lydians (D) Chaldaeans 15. Who governed Athens during its “Golden Age”? (A) Archimedes (B) Herodotus (C) Lycurgus (D) Pericles 16. Who drove the Kushites (Nubians) out of Egypt? (A) Carthaginians (B) Assyrians (C) Seljuks (D) Kassites 17. This Semitic language is still spoken today. (A) Coptic (B) Arabic (C) Yiddish (D) Greek 18. It was the chief city of ancient Israel and the site of its temple. (A) Nineveh (B) Damascus (C) Carthage (D) Jerusalem 19. Chronologically speaking, this one was first. (A) Cyrus the Great (B) Alexander the Great (C) Julius Caesar (D) Julius II 20. Why was Julius Caesar famous? (A) democracy (B) poetry (C) science (D) conquest 21. Most of these works provided national origin stories, but this particular work was more defensive. (A) The Kebra Nagast (B) The Apology of Socrates (C) The Epic of Gilgamesh (D) The Aeneid 22. They seem to present divergent views of the hereafter. (A) The Epic of Gilgamesh and Ecclesiastes (B) the Torah and the Chumash (C) Ecclesiastes and The Bhagavad Gita (D) A and C, but not B 23. They were centers of Islamic education. (A) Ur and Medina (B) Mecca and Nineveh (C) Timbuktu and Baghdad (D) Cordoba and Ravenna 24. It played a major role in the Golden Age of Islam. (A) the printing press (B) paper (c) petroleum (D) calculus 25. He could hardly be described as a sentinel of literature. (A) Bede (B) Diego de Landa (C) Sima Guang (D) Matteo Ricci 26. Consider the following quote from Horace: “Captive Greece held captive her uncouth conqueror and brought the arts to the rustic Latin lands.” What does the quote mean? (A) The Romans owed and intellectual debt to the Greeks. (B) The Greeks and Romans lived side by side. (C) The Romans had no original culture. (D) Captured Greeks built the original Roman army. 27. He was a nomothete and a liberator. (A) Moses (B) Socrates (C) Hesiod (D) A and C, but not D 28. This deity was the central figure in an early monotheistic cult. (A) Poseidon (B) Aten (C ) Julian (D) Nero 29. He never made it to the Bronx Zoo, but he devoted a good deal of energy to zoology. (A) Al-Jahiz (B) Al-Masudi (C) Aristotle (D) A and C, but not B 30. Although the United States did not have an elected woman chief executive during its first 200 years of existence, this woman ruled over a vast empire. (A) Cai Lun (B) Mozi (C) Hatshepsut (D) Eustochium 31. This woman helped complete one of the great histories of ancient China. (A) Ban Zhao (B) Li Si (C) Cixi (D) Wudi 32. They inhabited (the site of) New York City before the advent of European settlers. (A) the Cherokee (B) the Lenape (C) the Seminoles (D) the Maya 33. One inspired the other. (A) Alexander and Achilles (B) Plato and Pythagoras (C) Homer and Virgil (D) A and C 34. Jack Abramoff’s testimony suggests that this adjective applies to the U.S. Congress. (A) venial (B) venereal (C) ventral (D) venal 35. Although they might have disagreed, each of these had an opinion about Christ. (A) The Apostle Paul and Julian the Apostate (B) The Emperor Constantine and Julius Caesar (C) Pope Julius and Archimedes (D) St. Athanasius and Cicero ********************************************** Pope Gelasius I (r. 492-496) on Spiritual and Temporal Power, 494. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/gelasius1.a… Letter of Pope Gelasius to Emperor Anastasius on the superiority of the spiritual over temporal power: The pope’s view of the natural superiority of the spiritual over the temporal power finds a clear expression [in] the following remarkable letter of Gelasius I (494). —————————————— There are two powers, august Emperor, by which this world is chiefly ruled, namely, the sacred authority of the priests and the royal power. Of these that of the priests is the more weighty, since they have to render an account for even the kings of men in the divine judgment. You are also aware, dear son, that while you are permitted honorably to rule over human kind, yet in things divine you bow your head humbly before the leaders of the clergy and await from their hands the means of your salvation. In the reception and proper disposition of the heavenly mysteries you recognize that you should be subordinate rather than superior to the religious order, and that in these matters you depend on their judgment rather than wish to force them to follow your will. If the ministers of religion, recognizing the supremacy granted you from heaven in matters affecting the public order, obey your laws, lest otherwise they might obstruct the course of secular affairs by irrelevant considerations, with what readiness should you not yield them obedience to whom is assigned the dispensing of the sacred mysteries of religion. Accordingly, just as there is no slight danger [in] the case of the priests if they refrain from speaking when the service of the divinity requires, so there is no little risk for those who disdain – which God forbid -when they should obey. And if it is fitting that the hearts of the faithful should submit to all priests in general who properly administer divine affairs, how much the more is obedience due to the bishop of that see which the Most High ordained to be above [all] others, and which is consequently dutifully honored by the devotion of the whole Church. translated in J. H. Robinson, Readings in European History, (Boston: Ginn, 1905), pp. 72-73 36. What are the two powers? (A) the sacerdotal and the regal (B) the ecclesiastical and the natural (C) the royal and the military (D) the ecclesiastical and the sacred 37. To what does the Pope refer when he mentions “that see which the Most High ordained to be above [all] others”? (A) the Roman Catholic Church (B) the Papacy (C) Hagia Sophia Church (D) the Roman Empire 38. In the fifth century, whose position was more precarious, the Pope’s or the Emperor’s? Why? (A) The Pope’s position was more precarious because there were still several competing religions (e.g., paganism, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism)? (B) The Emperor’s position was more precarious because he only ruled the Byzantine Empire and could never reconquer the entire Mediterranean. (C) The Pope’s position was more precarious because he lived in a realm ruled by barbarian prince who followed a “heretical” form of Christianity. (D) The Emperor’s position was more precarious because there was the constant threat of attack from Attila the Hun. ************************************************* 39. She extolled the virtues of her father and related important, historical details about the First Crusade. (A) Enheduanna (B) Fabiola (C) Egeria (D) Anna Comnena 40. She aided Jerome in translating the Bible from Hebrew into Latin. (A) Paula of Rome (B) Egeria (C) Dhuoda (D) St. Monica

Mastering the Art of Online Learning: Your Guide to Acing Online Courses

Introduction

In recent years, the popularity of online courses has skyrocketed, offering learners the flexibility to acquire new skills and knowledge from the comfort of their homes. However, succeeding in online courses requires a different approach compared to traditional classroom settings. To help you make the most of your online learning experience, this article presents essential strategies and tips to ace your online courses.

1. Set Clear Goals and Plan Ahead

Before embarking on an online course, establish clear goals and objectives. Determine what you hope to achieve by the end of the course and break down your goals into manageable milestones. Create a study schedule that aligns with your other commitments, ensuring you allocate dedicated time for coursework, assignments, and revision.

2. Create a Productive Study Environment

Establishing a conducive study environment is crucial for online learning success. Find a quiet, well-lit space where you can concentrate without distractions. Remove any potential interruptions, such as notifications from social media or email. Organize your study materials and have a reliable internet connection to ensure seamless access to course materials.

3. Actively Engage in the Course

Active participation is key to mastering online courses. Engage with course materials, including videos, readings, and interactive components. Take comprehensive notes, highlighting key concepts and ideas. Participate in discussion boards, forums, and virtual meetings to interact with instructors and peers, fostering a sense of community and enhancing your understanding of the subject matter.

4. Manage Your Time Effectively

Online courses offer flexibility, but it’s essential to manage your time wisely to avoid falling behind. Create a detailed schedule, allocating specific time slots for coursework, assignments, and studying. Break down larger tasks into smaller, manageable segments to prevent procrastination. Prioritize tasks based on deadlines and dedicate focused time to each one, ensuring consistent progress throughout the course.

5. Develop Effective Communication Skills

Online courses often rely on written communication, making it crucial to hone your skills in this area. Be concise and clear in your written responses, paying attention to grammar and spelling. Actively participate in discussions, asking thoughtful questions and providing constructive feedback to your peers. Regularly check your course emails and notifications, ensuring you stay updated with any important announcements or changes.

6. Utilize Available Resources

Take full advantage of the resources provided by your online course platform and instructors. Familiarize yourself with the learning management system (LMS) and explore its features. Access supplementary materials, such as textbooks, lecture slides, and external resources recommended by instructors. Utilize online libraries, research databases, and tutorial services to deepen your understanding of the subject matter.

7. Stay Motivated and Engaged

Maintaining motivation throughout an online course can be challenging, particularly when faced with competing priorities or a lack of face-to-face interaction. Set short-term goals and reward yourself upon their completion. Connect with fellow learners through virtual study groups or online forums to foster a sense of camaraderie. Regularly remind yourself of the benefits and personal growth associated with completing the course successfully.

8. Seek Support and Clarification

Don’t hesitate to seek support or clarification when needed. Reach out to your instructors for guidance or clarification on course material. Utilize online discussion forums to ask questions or engage in collaborative problem-solving. Leverage the support services provided by your course platform or institution, such as technical support or academic advising.

Conclusion

Online courses present unique opportunities for self-paced learning and personal growth. By setting clear goals, creating a productive study environment, actively engaging with course materials, and managing your time effectively, you can maximize your chances of acing online courses. Remember to stay motivated, seek support when needed, and make the most of the available resources. Embrace the flexibility and adaptability of online learning to achieve your educational goals.