Directions: All students are required to choose between one of the following two essay options.Answers should be approximately one to two pages long (double space, 12-point font and 1-inch margins). The paper cannot exceed two pages (this does not include the bibliography).You are expected to use as many readings as possible to support your answers. We are assessing you on your knowledge of course materials (lectures and readings). Please use standard citations1and include a bibliography.Please submit only in MS Word or PDF(not Pages or Google Docs). Due Wednesday, January 29 at 9:00 a.m.through Canvas. All exams are processed through Turnitin for plagiarism. Instructions: Your answers must be written in a standard essay format consisting of a short introduction with a thesis statement, supporting paragraphs, and a conclusion. The essay must address the three parts of the general prompt. Good luck!Essay Option 1: What makes urban environments unique?1a. What were the attributes that made “urban” environments different from small towns? 1b. How did theattributes of urban environments shape human relations and cultures? 1c. . Identify the mechanisms that make cities more prone to freedom than other environments.Essay Option 2: Segregating People in Urban Space 2a. What were the principal forces causing cities to segregate by race and social class over the 20th century? 2b. How did suburbanization exacerbate segregation? 2c. How did stigmatized and spatially segregated people (e.g. people of color, gays and lesbians,…) develop their own urban worlds?
Condition of the Working Class in England, by Engels, 1845
The Great Towns
A town, such as London, where a man may wander for hours together
without reaching the beginning of the end, without meeting the slightest hint
which could lead to the inference that there is open country within reach, is a
strange thing. This colossal centralisation, this heaping together of two and a
half millions of human beings at one point, has multiplied the power of this
two and a half millions a hundredfold; has raised London to the commercial
capital of the world, created the giant docks and assembled the thousand
vessels that continually cover the Thames. I know nothing more imposing than
the view which the Thames offers during the ascent from the sea to London
Bridge. The masses of buildings, the wharves on both sides, especially from
Woolwich upwards, the countless ships along both shores, crowding ever
closer and closer together, until, at last, only a narrow passage remains in the
middle of the river, a passage through which hundreds of steamers shoot by
one another; all this is so vast, so impressive, that a man cannot collect
himself, but is lost in the marvel of England’s greatness before he sets foot
upon English soil. [3]