Q10. Which conditions were viewed as obstacles to economic exchange and growth by the new commercial classes during Napoleon s rule?
An*. The following condition• were viewed a» obstacle« to economic exchange and growth by the commençai classes during Napoleon’s rule:
i. Increase in unemployment.
ii. Widespread pauperism in town* due to bad harveat.
iii. Over-population in town
iv. Migration which led to over-crowded slums
v. Stiff competition to small producers due to cheap machine made gt~#ds.
Q 11 “The decade of 1830 had brought great economic hardship in Europe ” Support the statement with arguments
Ana. “The decade of 1830 had brought great economic hardship or crisis in Europe.“ The following are the arguments to support this statement :
(i) There was an enormous increase in population all over Europe. As a result unemployment became a common feature in moat of the countries (B) Migration of rural people to the cities further made the situation worse Small scale producers in town« sometimes faced with stiff competition from rural areas where production was earned out mainly in homes or small workshop# These producta imported from rural areas were obviously cheaper than the