Question 1:

In Module 6, you were introduced to a number of definitions of ecology, each of which reflects how the concept of ecology has evolved. In approximately 250–300 words (one double-spaced page), write your own definition of ecology and defend your selection of the concepts, terms, and the words that you use. Be sure to cover the main ideas in this module. (10 marks)

Question 2:

Part A:

Hint: All pieces are in module 7 and in the readings.

In this assignment, you will demonstrate that you understand the basic structure of ecosystems. Select an ecosystem (e.g., boreal forest, river, coastal rain forest, marine, grasslands), and prepare a diagram that illustrates the main components of the ecosystem as well as the main processes, including: energy flow, nutrient cycling, the mineral cycle, and the water cycle.

Your diagram should use arrows and show linkages amongst the processes and components. You will submit one diagram with all the processes and components for the ecosystem that you have selected. Where possible, use the following terminology: (25 marks)

· respiration

· mineral store

· nutrient cycling

· water cycle

· trophic level 1, trophic level 2, trophic level 3

· photosynthesis

· decomposers

· primary producers

· secondary producers

Part B:

In an essay of approximately 500–750 words (two or three double-spaced pages), explain your diagram by summarizing the basic structure and elements of the ecosystem you have selected for this exercise. Your essay should clearly differentiate: (a) energy flow, mineral flow, nutrient cycling, and the water cycle; (b) food chains and trophic levels; (c) primary and secondary succession. (20 marks)

Question 3:

Distinguish between biomass, gross primary productivity, and net primary productivity. Using specific examples, outline the major factors that influence productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. (15 marks)

Question 4:

Define and discuss five of the following terms. Write in your own words, using an example or two, in one paragraph each. (15 marks total)

1. Historical ecology

2. Systems ecology

3. Open systems

4. Closed systems

5. Urban-industrial systems

6. Nutrient cycle

7. Succession

8. Nitrogen fixation

Question 5:

“Traditional Knowledge and western scientific knowledge are more alike than different.” Discuss (agree or disagree) with reference to materials you research on the Web and in journals at TRU Library at http://www.tru.ca/library.html. Include at least two references in addition to the course textbook and materials. Use APA formatting for your in-text citations and References list. Write your answer in approximately 500 words. (15 marks)