BIOS255 Week 3 Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

Learning objectives:

· Identify the structural layers of arteries and veins.

· Distinguish between the structure of arteries and veins.

· Explain the factors that affect arterial blood flow and blood pressure.

· Define shock, and identify the signs of shock.

· Identify key blood vessels of the cardiac, systemic, and pulmonary circulations.

Introduction:

Blood is transported around the body in 3 different types of blood vessels: arteries, capillaries, and veins. Arteries and veins are each composed of 3 distinct layers of tissue while capillaries only have one layer. Blood pressure and flow depend on multiple factors. There are a number of mechanisms by which shock can occur.

We will track blood through the pulmonary and systemic circulations noting the major arteries and veins along the path. Enjoy the interactive 3D models for exploring the blood vessels!

Assignment:

Part 1 Complete the activities in the following sections of Anatomy.TV Cardiovascular system: Blood vessels, Blood flow and Pressure, Circulatory Pathways, Vessels of the Trunk, Vessels of the Head and Neck, Vessels of the Limbs

To access Anatomy.TV: Resources tab>Library>Library Resources-Database A-Z>Anatomy.TV>Titles(default tab): Choose Cardiovascular system>choose assigned sections

You will then work through the material and activities by scrolling down on the right. This will allow you to see and work through all activities for that section.

As you complete the lab activities, have the lab report ready to record data.

Part 2 Complete the lab report.

Blood vessel Lab report

1. Describe the different types of blood vessels by completing the following chart: (3 points total; 1/4 point per box)

Blood vessel

Histological description/special characteristics

Function

Large arteries

Medium arteries

Arterioles

Capillaries

Medium veins

Large veins

2. When a fall in arterial pressure is detected by baroreceptors, how does the cardiovascular center alter the parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation of the sinoatrial (SA) node to maintain homeostasis? (1 point)

3. Describe the signs and symptoms of shock as described under Blood Flow and Pressure: Shock and Homeostasis. (1 point)

4. Identify the missing arteries from the schematic. (2.5 points; 1/2 point each)

5. Identify the missing arteries from the schematic: (3 points total; ¼ point each)

6. Trace a drop of blood from the heart to the top of the foot by naming the blood vessels from the aorta to the artery that can be felt on the top of the foot (dorsalis pedis artery).

(2 points)

7. Trace a drop of blood from the superior mesenteric vein within the abdomen to the right atrium. Include the major vessels along the path. (1.5 points)

8. a. What is a portal system? (½ point)

b. What is the function of the hepatic portal system?