The purpose of this assignment is to link theoretical/scholarly material about media effects and content to a ‘real world’ case. For example, you could examine a number of subtopics related to the media and COVID-19 through the lens of theories such as crisis communication, agenda setting, or framing. This assignment calls on you to select a case of interest to you that played out publicly via some type of media channel. This could include traditional news outlets, social media, or other media channels. You will then critique and analyze the case from the theoretical framework and perspective(s) in the scholarly literature you have chosen. Your case study should conclude with a summary of lessons learned from the case and/or any recommendations you have for how the individuals and/or organizations involved could have used media more strategically to realize more favorable outcomes. The final assignment should be about 9 pages in length (double-spaced, standard font size; page count excludes references). A complete Case Study will include all of the following components. Use headings to separate these sections of your paper as is common in APA style. • Introduction: Describes overall purpose of paper (includes description of case for background/context; briefly previews type of media content that will be analyzed and theoretical/scholarly literature that will be used; makes argument for why that area of scholarly literature is best suited to understanding the case). • Literature Review: Summary of theoretical/scholarly literature reviewed for the case (at least 10 sources cited). • Methodology: Identifies media content analyzed, provides rationale for media content selected, describes how media content was collected. • Media Review: Provides analysis of the chosen media that derives from insights related to the theoretical framework outlined in the literature review. For example, if you reviewed crisis communication theories/principles, you should be analyzing your data to report if and how those principles were used; if you reviewed framing theory, you should be looking for types of frames used, etc.). Findings from analyzed media texts are written in a narrative/thematic/descriptive format with example quotes interspersed to serve as evidence. In other words, describe the media sources (videos, text, images, etc.) and themes, using quotes to illustrate, enough so that the reader can understand how these examples are related to the prior sections of the paper. There is no minimum number of media sources as the sources will vary depending on your topic, however be sure to provide enough to analyze and justify your points. (At least 5 sources are used). • Discussion/Conclusion: The discussion and conclusion can occupy a single section, or individual sections can be created for the discussion and conclusion, respectively. Either way, provide comparisons/contrasts to previous literature and practical lessons learned, as well as an analysis of how the individuals and/or organizations involved could have used media more strategically to realize more favorable outcomes and/or why favorable outcomes were achieved in the case. You should also discuss what • communication practitioners should take away from this case to inform similar situations in the future — i.e., key recommendations or lessons learned. Furthermore, provide a conclusion that summarizes the broader Case Study and what it has contributed to our understanding of the issues/theories discussed. References: All sources (including media sources, scholarly articles, etc.) should be cited APA style in the text and in a full reference list at the end of the paper. You do not need to include other elements of APA formatting such as an abstract or running header. Grading rubric: Criteria Points Earned Points Possible Introduction describes overall purpose of paper (describes case, briefly previews type of media content analyzed and area of scholarly literature reviewed) 5 Argument for why the scholarly literature chosen is best suited to the case is clear. Literature review cites at least 10 scholarly sources that are appropriate for the case. Literature is concisely and effectively summarized, and how the main findings and/or theory relates to the case is clear for each source you use. 10 Method section identifies media content analyzed; provides rationale for media content selected; describes how media content was collected. 5 Media review uses examples as evidence, and provides analysis of the chosen media that derives from insights from the theoretical framework outlined in the literature review. At least 5 sources are used. 8 Discussion includes comparisons/contrasts to previous literature, analysis of the case and how more favorable outcomes could have been achieved/and or why favorable outcomes were achieved, AND practical lessons learned and/or recommendations. Conclusion that summarizes the broader case study and what it has contributed to our understanding of the issues/theories discussed. 10 Organization (solid introduction and conclusion; body text is organized topically/conceptually; clear paragraph structure with topic sentences and supporting detail; clear transitions and smooth flow between topics/paragraphs/sections) and written quality — clarity, grammar, spelling, and punctuation 7 Proper use of APA citations and references. 5 TOTAL CASE STUDY PROPOSAL 1 Social Media Misinformation & COVID-19 Vaccine: Impacts on Vaccination Intention Introduction Media sources have evolved to increase consolidation in the media industry and allow for more widespread communication. In the United States, media comprises various types of widespread communications such as television, newspapers, radio, magazines, and internetbased websites. A large percentage of the media networks are controlled by conglomerates, among the leading global players engaging in fierce competition to generate substantial revenue. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many people globally in different ways; socially, financially, and psychologically. As a result, most people eagerly awaited the manufacture of a vaccine against the virus to help alleviate the spread of the disease. However, despite the development of COVID-19 vaccines, many arguments over the vaccine and vaccine mandates arose, taking the forefront over media coverage. This case study analyzes the dissemination of COVID-19 misinformation through the lens of Framing theories. The issue of COVID-19 vaccines has been produced globally with the people’s willingness or unwillingness to get vaccinated. The social media misinformation has greatly affected people’s vaccination intention. This case was chosen for the study because it is a key area of concern in today’s mass communication considering the fast spread of the disease. Different media sources have taken the mandate to advocate for vaccination against the virus amidst the worry and concern. Similarly, there has been a lot of misinformation regarding vaccines, especially on media sources such as social media websites. In this regard, it is alarming how fake news could spread faster in online settings than validated and verified news from credible sources. Some people have chosen to manipulate social media on an industrial scale to misinform on the COVID-19 vaccines and affect people’s vaccination intention. As a result, CASE STUDY PROPOSAL 2 people tend to engage more with articles providing false information. This project will also relate media sources such as television, newspapers to analyze the effects of social media misinformation on COVID-19 vaccines. The project will also integrate various scholarly literature regarding the use of these media sources in spreading information. This area of scholarly literature is the best for understanding the selected case of study because it provides a useful paradigm for understanding the strategic creation of information meant for the public and getting audience responses. Besides, it allows for the examination of such information from critical and rhetorical perspectives. Literature Review Public relations can be assessed from various frameworks to influence the public through advocacy and persuasion. Framing is often used as a paradigm to understand communication to general audiences. Morgan & Shanahan (2010) discuss the state of cultivation, which entails investigating the contribution of television to the viewers’ conceptualizations of social reality. In this light, people tend to follow cognitive explorations and narrative implications while receiving news and information on television (Morgan & Shanahan, 2010). Regarding the current COVID19 vaccines, television has been impactful in creating awareness and providing real-time information on the effectiveness and importance of the vaccines in facilitating herd immunity for everyone. The analysis on reliable information on television can be compared and analyzed with social media. The world continues to face the COVID-19 pandemic. During such times, the information given to the public plays a vital role, for example, in determining the willingness of people to get vaccinated. Social media misinformation is believed to have an effect on the vaccination intent of COVID-19. Bridgman et al. (2020) studied the causes and effects of CASE STUDY PROPOSAL 3 coronavirus misperceptions. More precisely, the focus of this research was to understand the role of social media and news. An investigation was done on the link between people’s consumption of media, potential misinformation, and vital behaviors and attitudes, especially during the current covid pandemic. One finding of this study was that Twitter tends to have comparatively more misinformation being circulated. Also, public health guidelines, for example, social distancing, tend to be reinforced by news media. In a nutshell, the research revealed that people’s exposure to various social media platforms is closely linked to misperceptions about the pandemic’s basic facts. In turn, such misperceptions might result in reduced adherence to proposed social distancing guidelines. In a nutshell, a link is drawn from misinformation going around various platforms, precisely Twitter, to attitudes and behaviors that potentially increase the lethality and scale of the virus. The impact of coronavirus vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the USA and the United Kingdom was studied by Loomba et al. (2021). According to the researchers, widespread acceptance of the vaccine will be a significant step in the fight against the current pandemic. However, it might be a challenge to achieve high uptake courtesy of online misinformation. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the USA and the UK to inform effective vaccination campaigns. The objective was to quantify how people’s exposure to online misinformation around coronavirus vaccines influences intent to vaccinate to keep oneself and others safe. In the United Kingdom, misinformation induces a decline in the intent of 6.2%, while in the USA, the reduction in intent stood at 6.4%. Another finding was that some sociodemographic groups would be differentially affected by exposure to misinformation. Overall, the study showed that misinformation would lower people’s intent to be vaccinated. CASE STUDY PROPOSAL 4 Research was conducted by Basch et al. (2021) about a global pandemic in the time of viral memes. More precisely, the focus of this study was coronavirus vaccine disinformation and misinformation on TikTok. According to the researchers, the vaccine hesitancy being witnessed might be due to disinformation and misinformation regarding coronavirus and vaccination against it. There have been attempts to limit the emergence and impact of false information. Unfortunately, false information related to the coronavirus exists online. The goal of this research was, therefore, to analyze the content of coronavirus vaccination on TikTok. This is an emerging and fast-growing social media platform. Overall, the study results showed that antivaccination messaging has the potential to undermine any strategies to ensure massive acceptance of the different coronavirus vaccines, especially TikTok young users. The above literature review indicates that misinformation in social media can impact the willingness of people to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Unless this issue of misinformation is addressed, efforts geared towards fighting the pandemic will bear minimal fruits. Methodology The methodology Media Review CASE STUDY PROPOSAL 5 References Basch, C. H., Meleo-Erwin, Z., Fera, J., Jaime, C., & Basch, C. E. (2021). A global pandemic in the time of viral memes: COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and disinformation on TikTok. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 17(8), 2373-2377. Bridgman, A., Merkley, E., Loewen, P. J., Owen, T., Ruths, D., Teichmann, L., & Zhilin, O. (2020). The causes and consequences of COVID-19 misperceptions: Understanding the role of news and social media. Loomba, S., De Figueiredo, A., Piatek, S. J., De Graaf, K., & Larson, H. J. (2021). Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA. Nature Human Behaviour, 5(3), 337-348. Morgan, M., & Shanahan, J. (2010). The State of Cultivation. Journal Of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 54(2), 337-355. DOI: 10.1080/08838151003735018 Purchase answer to see full attachment Explanation & Answer: 5 pages Tags: Revision and Expansion widespread communication consolidation in the media industry Student has agreed that all tutoring, explanations, and answers provided by the tutor will be used to help in the learning process and in accordance with Studypool’s honor code & terms of service.