COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in Hispanics and African-Americans: A review and recommendations for practice.” Analysis
Dionna Garrison
September 6, 2022
To evaluate the dominance and issues associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in
African-Americans and Hispanics, the selected research article aimed to synthesize the findings
of all national studies on this topic (two of the biggest ethnic and marginal racial sets in the
U.S.).
Methodology
The research was undertaken by two researchers (J.K. and Y.M.) and covered articles
published in the United States between February 2020 and February 2021. Researchers used
terms like “COVID-19,” “ethnic,” “vaccination,” “vaccine,” “hesitancy,” “minorities,” and
“intention” to search for relevant studies in PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCO Host. This
was done by conducting multiple searches using a different order of keywords to capture any
relevant research. Publications that cited the primary articles were included by conducting
further hand searches. Studies evaluated COVID-19 vaccination reluctance among adult
Americans using national samples and provided information on sample sizes and reluctance rates
for Hispanics and African-Americans (A.A.s).
Findings
Based on the findings, it is hypothesized that these communities’ reluctance to vaccinate
against Covid-19 is due to the fact that the COVID-19 virus has unduly impacted racial and
cultural minorities, leading to more deaths and hospitalization among these groups
(Khubchandani & Macias, 2021). In addition, minorities already had a higher chronic disease
burden and lower health outcomes before the pandemic; thus, avoiding a COVID-19 vaccine
could raise their risk of illness and early mortality. Third, people of color are disproportionately
represented in low-wage and vital service industries, where they are more likely to be exposed to
COVID-19 infections. Many risk factors for vaccine reluctance among A.A. and Hispanics have
also been found for Whites. However, the percentage of economically and educationally
disadvantaged people is substantially more significant among racial/ethnic minorities.
Recommendations
The research article offers the following recommendations:
? Comprehend the skepticism that minorities feel because of discrimination and past
wrongs. At the same time, you should try to persuade people to get vaccines by talking to
them about them rather than at them and by sticking to the facts rather than passing
judgment.
? Providers caring for patients from racial and ethnic minorities should work to establish a
rapport based on mutual trust and, as a result, encourage all of their patients to get the
COVID-19 vaccine. Take advantage of any chance you get to answer questions about the
wellbeing and adverse effects of the COVID-19 vaccine (Khubchandani & Macias,
2021).
? Medical practitioners would do well to familiarize themselves with the background,
effectiveness, and efficiency of COVID-19 immunizations in order to respond to patients’
fears and answer their inquiries.
? Healthcare providers from racial and cultural minorities have a unique opportunity to
play a pivotal role in educating and encouraging their patients to be vaccinated.
Conclusion
The inclusive degree of vaccine reluctance in the general American population was
26.3% in the evaluation of national research on COVID-19 vaccination indecision. In contrast,
Hispanics (30.2%) and A.A.s (41.6%) had a more significant percentage of COVID-19 vaccine
reluctance. There were two main criteria identified about A.A. and Hispanic reservations for
vaccinating against COVID-19. Vaccination reluctance among ethnic/racial minority populations
appears to be more nuanced than previously thought. Multifaceted personal and societal
interventions are needed to enhance COVID-19 immunization uptake in marginalized and
underprivileged communities, given the many causes of lower vaccination rates among
racial/ethnic minorities. Until a more proactive strategy is taken, some communities’ vaccination
rate against COVID-19 will stay lower than would be ideal.
References
Khubchandani, J., & Macias, Y. (2021). COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in Hispanics
and African-Americans: A review and recommendations for practice. Brain, Behavior,
&Amp Immunity – Health, 15, 100277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100277.

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