Quiz Instructions
This assignment is associated with Chapters 11 and 12 (Salkind).
Instructions: There are lots of techniques that we can use to try to calm down or relax when we are feeling anxious or tense. One strategy is deep breathing (see this link for some tips on deep breathing, https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/uz2255 (Links to an external site.) ). A professor is interested in examining how deep breathing can influence feelings of anxiety. She recruits participants in her class right before the final exam, when their feelings of anxiety would be high. She measures their current levels of anxiety, instructs them to engage in 2 minutes of deep breathing, and then measures their anxiety again after they’ve completed the breathing. Below are the anxiety levels of each student before and after deep breathing. Your job is to determine if their anxiety levels significantly DECREASE after deep breathing.
Data table
Before Deep Breathing After Deep Breathing
17 11
12 10
10 4
12 8
11 5
16 4
8 6
13 10
Top of Form

Flag question: Question 1
Question 1
What’s the null hypothesis for this research question?
Group of answer choices
Ho: Anxiety levels before deep breathing
Bottom of Form
anxiety levels after deep breathing
Ha: Anxiety levels are significantly lower after deep breathing

Flag question: Question 2
Question 2
What’s the alternative hypothesis for this research question?
Group of answer choices
Ha: Anxiety levels are significantly lower after deep breathing
Ho: Anxiety levels are the same before and after deep breathing

Flag question: Question 3
Question 3
What’s the best statistical test to use to analyze this research question?
Group of answer choices
One way ANOVA
Correlation coefficient
Dependent samples t-test
One sample z-test
Independent sample t-test
F statistic

Flag question: Question 4
Question 4
The next step is to compute the test statistic. What is the t-statistic value (make sure you’re using the t-test formula for the dependent samples t-test). Round your answer to two decimal places.

Flag question: Question 5
Question 5
What are the degrees of freedom?

Flag question: Question 6
Question 6
Should you do a one-tailed or two-tailed test here? Think about whether the hypothesis is directional or non-directional!
Group of answer choices
two tailed
one tailed

Flag question: Question 7
Question 7
What is the critical value?

Flag question: Question 8
Question 8
Based on the t-value provided and the critical value, what is your decision about this research study?
Group of answer choices
There is a significant increase in anxiety after deep breathing
There is a significant decrease in anxiety after deep breathing
There is not a significant decrease in anxiety before and after deep breathing.

Flag question: Question 9
Question 9
Write up your results as you would see them in an APA style write up. Don’t forget to include your means and sds for the before and after data!